Most hazards can be controlled in a variety of ways. Obviously, the best control would be to eliminate it completely. But that isn't always possible. So the most practical process for deciding on how to address a hazard is to go through the hierarchy of controls, starting at the top with the most effective solution – removing the hazard from the workplace – and working progressively down to the least preferred option – accepting that the hazard must remain and providing personal protective equipment to workers who are at risk.
Below is the sequence you should follow to find the control that is most appropriate. In many cases, you may find that more than one control is necessary. For example, training might be used as one of the controls with most hazards.
| Sequence order | Category of control | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Eliminate | the risk, such as through removing the dangerous machine or changing the way the job is done. |
| 2 | Substitute | the hazardous machine or process with a safer one. |
| 3 | Engineer | a solution to control the risk, such as with guards, dust extraction systems or other mechanical aid. |
| 4 | Isolate | the machine or process to keep employees clear of the hazard. |
| 5 | Train | employees to avoid the risk through the use of Safe Operating Procedures. |
| 6 | Issue PPE | (personal protective equipment) to employees, such as hearing protection, eye protection or safety boots. |